ACCU DYNE TEST ™ Bibliography
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2063. Poncin-Epaillard, F., and M. Aouinti, “Characterization of CO2 plasma and interactions with polypropylene film,” Plasmas and Polymers, 7, 1-17, (Mar 2002).
The interactions between CO2 plasma, less degrading than O2 plasma, and polymeric surfaces are studied. CO2 discharge and the relationships between the density of plasma reactive species are analyzed by optical emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The optical emission spectrum was identified and five principal systems of carbon monoxide were assigned: the 4th and 3rd positive systems, Angstrom and 3A systems. Other systems dealing with ionized species CO+ 2 and CO+ were also found. Mass spectrometry showed that the carbon monoxide and atomic oxygen were created through CO2 dissociation by electronic impact. The detected molecular oxygen coming from the atomic oxygen recombination was associated with the power. The study of plasma/polymer interface showed the consumption of ionized species, the appearance of atomic hydrogen due to methyl groups transformation into exomethylene groups onto the polypropylene surface, and a degradation mechanism dependent on atomic oxygen density in the plasma phase.
2497. Aouinti, M., P. Bertrand, and F. Poncin-Epaillard, “Characterization of polypropylene surface treated in a CO2 plasma,” Plasmas and Polymers, 8, 225-236, (Dec 2003).
The polypropylene modification in CO2 plasma mainly contributes to degradation, functionalization, and cross-linking. The degradation, whose rate is depending on CO2 dissociation and oxygen atom formation, is a quite slow reaction and it is associated with surface topography alteration, especially of the amorphous phase of the polypropylene. The surface roughness increases with the treatment duration and the amorphous phase is more degraded than the crystallized part. The functionalization, corresponding to an increase of the surface energy (57.3 mJċ m − 2 in 30 s), and to an oxidation (23 oxygen at.%) with the appearance of alcohol, ketone, and acid functions is a much faster phenomenon. Cross-linking takes also place during this type of treatment and will reinforce the stability of the modified surface.
985. Herranz, M., “Coextrusion and printing problems,” Plast' 21, 49, 43-45, (Feb 1996).
651. Raleigh, P., “Surface treatment: styles and options,” Plastics & Rubber Weekly, 1468, 12+, (Jan 1992).
1178. Sabreen, S.R., “Question: Surface wetting,” Plastics Decorating, 46, (Apr 2006).
1179. Sabreen, S.R., “Question: Corona discharge and flame surface pretreatment methods,” Plastics Decorating, 46, (Apr 2006).
1368. DiGiacomo, J.D., and S. Sabreen, “Flame plasma surface treatment improves adhesion of polymers,” Plastics Decorating, (Oct 2005).
1414. Sabreen, S.R., and N. Roobol, “Preparing plastics for painting,” Plastics Decorating, (Apr 2003).
1415. Wolf, R.A., “Unique atmospheric plasma surface pre-treatment approach for improving adhesion,” Plastics Decorating, 13-17, (Oct 2006) (also in J. Vinyl & Additive Technology, V. 13, 87-90 (Jun 2007)).
1532. Sabreen, S.R., “Question: flame plasma surface treatment,” Plastics Decorating, 45-46, (Jan 2007).
1556. Sabreen, S.R., “Technology developments for digital applications,” Plastics Decorating, 20-25, (Apr 2007).
1740. Varella, R., “Business strategies: Surface treatments,” Plastics Decorating, 30-32, (Oct 2008).
2220. Sabreen, S.R., “Cold gas plasma surface modification: Optimize plastics bonding adhesion,” Plastics Decorating, 6-10, (Jan 2010).
2222. Sabreen, S.R., “The science of solving plastics adhesion problems: Contact angles, surface wetting, chemical activation,” Plastics Decorating, 26-28, (Apr 2010).
2225. Forcum,A., C. Marotta, M. Williams, and N. Laput, “Adhesive selection for effective plastic bonding,” Plastics Decorating, 31-35, (July 2010).
2440. Stecher, A., “Atmospheric plasma for critical decorating,” Plastics Decorating, 30-36, (Apr 2012).
2441. Sabreen, S.R., “Fluorooxidation: A breakthrough surface pretreatment,” Plastics Decorating, 14-16, (Apr 2012).
2467. Brodine, D., “Surface treatment is a challenge for decorators,” Plastics Decorating, 29-30, (Jul 2013).
2464. Sabreen, S.R., “Cold gas plasma treatment - best practices (Best of the Plastics Decorating blog),” Plastics Decorating, 19, (Apr 2013).
2468. Sabreen, S.R., “Innovative inkjet technologies for plastic products,” Plastics Decorating, 14-21, (Jul 2013).
2452. Sabreen, S.R., “Plastics surface energy wetting test methods,” Plastics Decorating, 23-24, (Jul 2012).
2459. Wolf, R.A., “How do you modify a surface with plasma? (Best of the Plastics Decorating blog),” Plastics Decorating, 35, (Jan 2013).
2585. Sabreen, S.R., “Methods for adhesion bonding of polyphenylene sulfide,” Plastics Decorating, 32-38, (Oct 2013).
2586. Stobbe, B.D., “Question and Answer: Corona discharge surface treatment,” Plastics Decorating, 29, (Jul 2014).
2591. Sabreen, S.R., “Gas-phase surface pretreatments for plastics adhesion,” Plastics Decorating, 31-34, (Apr 2014).
2609. no author cited, “Basic test methods for in-mold labels and label materials: Surface tension of plastic films,” Plastics Decorating, 15, (Oct 2014).
2610. Sabreen, S.R., “Best practices for bonding semi-crystalline thermoplastics,” Plastics Decorating, 27-29, (Jan 2015).
2614. Stecher, A., and P. Mills, “Improving the adhesion of UV-curable coatings to plastics,” Plastics Decorating, 6-11, (Jul 2015).
2616. Sabreen, S.R., “Industrial inkjet printing onto wearables,” Plastics Decorating, 16-20, (Jul 2015).
2631. Kaverman, J., “Methods and materials for difficult pad printing operations,” Plastics Decorating, 14-16, (Jan 2016).
2632. Stecher, A., “Ask the expert Q & A: Plasma treating,” Plastics Decorating, 46-51, (Jan 2016).
2647. Willes, B., “Treating the surface: Options for all surface types,” Plastics Decorating, 14-16, (Apr 2016).
2696. Sabreen, S.R., “Surface pretreatments and custom inks advance inkjet printing of plastics and films,” Plastics Decorating, 32-37, (Jul 2017).
2701. Smith, P., and N. Strauss, “Best practices for painting plastics,” Plastics Decorating, 50-55, (Nov 2017).
2731. Sabreen, S.R., “Plasma surface pretreatments of polymers for improved adhesion bonding,” Plastics Decorating, 44-49, (Apr 2018).
2741. Lee, W., “Developments in surface treatment solutions,” Plastics Decorating, 22-23, (Oct 2018).
2794. Sabreen, S.R., “Inkjet printing and adhesion of low surface energy polymers,” Plastics Decorating, 26-28, (Apr 2019).
2813. Kasson, A., and F. Fiddler, “Effects of surface treatment on adhesion for plastic components,” Plastics Decorating, 40-42, (May 2020).
2821. Sabreen, S.R., “Flame plasma surface modification of polymers for adhesion bonding: Process control, equipment and applications,” Plastics Decorating, 40-45, (Jul 2020).
2837. Sabreen, S.R., “Improving polymer adhesion: Advancements for low surface energy plastics applications,” Plastics Decorating, 48-51, (Oct 2020).
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