ACCU DYNE TEST ™ Bibliography
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2844. Gerke, G., “Can plasma surface treatment deliver sustainable solutions and reduce cost?,” https://digitaledition.flexpackmag.com/march-2021/plasma-surface/?oly_enc_id=1127B7669590J0V, Mar 2021.
3094. Haque, A., “An exclusive assessment of surface dyne testing in manufacturing environments where materials are tested before adhesion processes,” https://download.ssrn.com/2024/11/30/5039314.pdf, Jan 2025.
This is all about dynes. The dyne level of a material is called its surface energy. If the liquid has a dyne level lower than the material's surface energy, then the liquid will spread out over its entire surface in a uniform wet layer. If the ink's dyne level is equal to or higher than a material's dyne level, the liquid will become cohesive and tend to remain in droplets. So, dyne level refers to the measurement of surface energy of a material or substrate and can be a good indicator of our chances for successful adhesion. Different chemistries of adhesives are required for bonding substrates depending on their dyne level which is evident when applying a coating to a paper based product versus plastic or glass. Coatings on some materials might adhere quickly or beadup like water on glass if not compatible. Typically, lower dyne levels of 30 or less indicate that a liquid adhesive would bead-up on the surface, compared to higher dyne levels of 38 or more which indicate reasonable bonding properties. While this is one indicator of successful bonding compatibility, it does not guarantee reliable surface adhesion. But there are different means to improve adhesion based on surface preparation, improved adhesives or a combination of both.
2825. Sabreen, S.R., “Adhesion bonding of high-performance polymers,” https://plasticsdecorating.com/enews/2018/adhesion-bonding-of-high-performance-polymers, Nov 2018.
2826. Sabreen, S.R., “Advances in atmospheric plasma treatment for polymer adhesion,” https://plasticsdecorating.com/enews/2018/advances-in-atmospheric-plasma-treatment-for-polymer-adhesion, Dec 2018.
2824. Sabreen, S.R., “Flame plasma treatment: The importance of zero gas pressure regulators,” https://plasticsdecorating.com/enews/2018/flame-plasma-treatment-the importance-of-zero-gas-pressure-regulators, Oct 2018.
2827. Kohinhofer, G., “Reviewing surface treatments: Decorating, printing and bonding on plastic IS possible,” https://plasticsdecorating.com/enews/2020/reviewing-surface-treatments-decorating-printing-and-bonding-on-plastic-is-possible, Jul 2020.
2832. Kiel, A., “Corona treatment systems - overcoming the effects of heat and humidity,” https://www.3dtllc.com/corona-treatment-systems-overcoming-effects-heat-humidity/, Jul 2017.
2830. Kiel, A., “Corona vs. plasma treatment,” https://www.3dtllc.com/corona-vs-plasma-treatment/, Aug 2016.
2833. Kiel, A., “Finding the sweet spot and the right corona treater for polypropylene,” https://www.3dtllc.com/finding-the-sweet-spot-when-corona-treating-polypropylene/, Mar 2020.
3081. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Is calibrating a CSC tensiometer hard?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/bid/76518/is-calibrating-a-csc-tensiometer-hard?, Mar 2012.
2795. Ranowsky, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Contact angle fundamentals: What you actually need to know,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/contact-angle-fundamentals, Aug 2019.
2227. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Having trouble performing a DuNouy ring test in thick samples?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/having-trouble-performing-a-dunouy-ring-test-in-thick-samples, Nov 2010.
2592. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: How are consistency, surface tension, and viscosity different?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/how-are-consistency-surface-tension-and-viscosity-different, Feb 2014.
1650. Ranowsky, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Contact angle and surface tension - a fascinating liaison,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/how-does-contact-angle-relate-to-surface-tension, Apr 2016.
2228. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: How does surface tension relate to viscosity?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/how-does-surface-tension-relate-to-viscosity, Jan 2011.
3043. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Initiation to contact angle - a classical definition of contact angle,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/initiation-to-contact-angle, Aug 2016.
2652. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Should you move to 'actual' surface tension?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/should-you-convert-to-actual-surface-tension, Sep 2016.
2224. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Surface tension by DuNouy rings or Wilhelmy plates - which to choose?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/surface-tension-by-dunouy-rings-or-wilhelmy-plates-which-to-choose, Jul 2018.
2791. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Surface tension - rings, bubbles, drops, and plates,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/surface-tension-rings-bubbles-drops-and-plates, Oct 2020.
2915. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Guide to surface tension, surfactants and micelles,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/topic/surfactants, Oct 2022.
3065. Jang, C., “CSC Scientific blog: Understanding surface and interfacial tension in liquids,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/understanding-surface-and-interfacial-tension-in-liquids, Apr 2024.
2865. Jang, C., “CSC Scientific blog: Understanding the role of platinum in Du Nouy tensiometer rings,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/understanding-the-role-of-platinum-in-de-nouy-tensiometer-rings?, Aug 2024.
2475. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: What are the primary conditions affecting surface tension?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/what-are-the-primary-conditions-affecting-surface-tension, Sep 2013.
2298. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Which type of tensiometer do I need?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/which-type-of-tensiometer-do-i-need, Dec 2011.
2961. Jang, C., “CSC Scientific blog: Which type of tensiometer do I need?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/which-type-of-tensiometer-do-i-need, Apr 2025.
2259. Gatenby, A., “CSC Scientific blog: Why calibrate a CSC DuNouy tensiometer?,” https://www.cscscientific.com/csc-scientific-blog/why-calibrate-a-csc-dunouy-tensiometer, Sep 2011.
2942. no author cited, “Determination of contact angles by different methods of dropshape analysis (Application note 12),” https://www.dataphysics-instruments.com/Downloads/12,
2943. no author cited, “Calculation of a new reference liquid by measurement on a known solid surface (Application note 17),” https://www.dataphysics-instruments.com/Downloads/17,
2944. no author cited, “Dynamic contact angle measurements on curved surfaces by using the bridge-function (Application note 22),” https://www.dataphysics-instruments.com/Downloads/22,
2939. no author cited, “Determination of the surface tension between a printing ink and fountain water during the offset process (Application note 3),” https://www.dataphysics-instruments.com/Downloads/3,
2940. no author cited, “Optimisation of the determination of surface free energies of polymers (Application note 4),” https://www.dataphysics-instruments.com/Downloads/4,
2941. no author cited, “Simplified determination of the surface free energy of polymers (Application note 6),” https://www.dataphysics-instruments.com/Downloads/6,
2456. Utschig, S., “Measuring surface energy on non-porous substrates,” https://www.enerconind.com/web-treating/support/application-support/measuring-surface-energy-on-non-porous-substrates.aspx, 2012.
2855. no author cited, “Pretreatment methods for glass,” https://www.inkcups.com/blog/pretreatment-methods-for-glass/, July 2019.
2847. Nzeribe, K., “Advancements in manufacturing hydrophilic porous plastics,” https://www.medicalplasticsnews.com/medical-plastics-industry-insights/medical-plastics-materials-insights/advancements-in-manufacturing-hydrophilic-porous-plastics, Jul 2021.
2856. no author cited, “Dynamic surface tension and surface energy in ink formulations and substrates,” https://www.pcimag.com/articles/85879-dynamic-surface-tension-and-surface-energy-in-ink-formulations-and-substrates, May 2001.
3055. Kalinowsky, J., “Enhance surface performance with corona treatment in printing and laminating applications,” https://www.pffc-online.com/news/18627-enhance-surface-performance-with-corona-treatment-in-printing-and-laminating-applications, Jul 2025.
2911. no author cited, “How are probe liquids selected for surface energy measurements?,” https://www.physics.stackexchange.com/questions/243750/how-are-probe-liquids-selected,
2859. no author cited, “Wetting and contact angle (TeachEngineering STEM Curriculum for K-12),” https://www.teachengineering.org/lessons/view/duk__surface tensionunit_less3,
2805. no author cited, “A practical means to measure surface treatment levels of PE film using PGX+, a new portable contact angle instrument,” https://www.testingmachines.com/pdf/contact-angle-vs-dyne-pen.pdf,
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