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This table highlights the critical surface tension, surface free energy, contact angles with water, and Hansen Solubility Parameters with interaction radius for a variety of polymers. For all columns except polymer name, CAS #, change in surface tension per degree Celsius (dγ/dt), and total Hansen Solubility Parameter (δ) the first row of data for each material is the average of surveyed values; the second row shows the standard deviation, with the number of data points (n) in parentheses. For n = 1, no standard deviation figure is shown. Click on any column's footnote for details. Click on any polymer name for original research results. An analogous table, which shows polar/dispersion and acid—base components of surface energy, can be seen here. Comments on methodology and the like can be found here.

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Critical Surface Tension, Surface Free Energy, Contact Angles with Water, and Hansen Solubility Parameters for Various Polymers

Name(1)
ascendingdescending
CAS #(2)
ascendingdescending
γc(3)
ascendingdescending
γS(4)
ascendingdescending
dγ/dt(5)
ascendingdescending
θWY(6)
ascendingdescending
θWA(7)
ascendingdescending
θWR(8)
ascendingdescending
W (9)
ascendingdescending
δ(10)
ascendingdescending
δD(11)
ascendingdescending
δP(12)
ascendingdescending
δH(13)
ascendingdescending
Ro(14)
ascendingdescending
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) 9003-56-9 38.5 42.0 - 89.7 72.0 - - 19.2 17.0 5.7 6.8 9.4
  -(1) 4.70(8) -(1) -(1) 0.92(2) 4.17(2) 0.49(2) 2.19(2)
Aluminum foil (f) 7429-90-5 - 41.2 - 81.3 - - - - - - - -
  2.47(2) 4.60(2) - - - - - - - -
Amorphous fluoropolymer (Teflon AF) - - - - - 117.5 90.3 27.1 - - - - -
  5.67(5) 3.42(5) 9.13(5)
Aramid (Kevlar) 26125-61-1 - 45.7 - - 63.7 - - - - - - -
  1.76(3) 3.54(2)
Cellophane 9005-81-6 - 45.4 - - - - - 28.5 16.1 18.5 14.5 9.3
  -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Cellulose acetate (CA) 9004-35-7 37.5 41.1 - 54.5 - - - 23.5 17.1 13.1 9.4 10.6
  2.12(2) 3.37(5) -(1) 1.58(4) 4.41(4) 3.81(4) 2.96(4)
Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) 9004-36-8 - 34.0 - - - - - 22.2 17.2 13.8 2.8 12.6
  -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Cellulose triacetate 9012-09-3 48.8 - - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Eicosane 112-95-8 - 28.9 -0.0833(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Epoxies - 44.5 45.3 - 54.0 87.5 - - 24.1 19.2 10.9 9.6 11.1
  0.71(2) 4.21(6) -(1) 3.54(2) 2.53(13) 2.37(13) 2.66(13) 3.98(13)
Ethyl cellulose 9004-57-3 - 30.3 - - 84.5 - - 20.4 19.0 5.6 4.9 7.9
  2.40(2) -(1) 1.56(2) 1.84(2) 1.41(2) 2.83(2)
Ethyl methacrylate (EMA) 97-63-2 - 42.0 - - 74.0 - - - - - - -
  1.06(2) -(1)
Ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) 25038-36-2 - 32.5 - 91.0 - - - - - - - -
  4.31(2) -(1)
Fluorinated ethylene polypropylene (FEP) 25067-11-2 19.1 18.5 - 105.7 112.7 98.5 14.8 19.6 19.0 4.0 3.0 4.0
  1.27(2) 2.25(7) 4.54(6) 5.03(4) 5.28(4) 1.31(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Hexatriacontane 630-06-8 20.6 22.8 -0.066(c) 108.2 109.0 - - - - - - -
  1.30(6) 5.03(9) 4.03(2) -(1)
2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA, ethylene glycol monoacrylate) 867-77-9 - 56.8 - - 59.0 - - - - - - -
  1.20(2) -(1)
Nafion 31175-20-9 - - - - 90.5 - - - - - - -
  4.80(4)
Nitrocellulose (cellulose nitrate) 9004-70-0 - 42.7 - - 54.7 20.0 34.7 23.5 16.2 14.1 9.5 10.7
  4.10(3) 11.0(3) 22.5(3) 12.1(3) 1.06(2) 0.85(2) 1.06(2) 1.13(2)
Nylon 2 (polyglycine) 25718-94-9 - 50.1 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Nylon 4 24938-56-5 - 48.5 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Nylon 6 (polycaprolactum, aramid 6) 25038-54-4 43.9 45.4 - - 65.5 42.4 26.8 20.3 17.0 3.4 10.6 5.1
  2.42(3) 3.52(6) 4.27(7) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Nylon 6,6 32131-17-2 42.2 44.3 -0.065(c) 67.6 69.3 40.9 27.6 25.8 17.2 9.9 16.5 4.4
  4.50(12) 3.62(18) 4.94(7) 2.91(5) -(1) -(1) 1.11 1.10 6.80 1.24
Nylon 6,10 9008-66-6 - 40.5 - - 71.0 - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Nylon 6,12 24936-74-1 - 67.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Nylon 7,7 - 43.0 - - - 70.0 - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Nylon 8,8 - 34.0 - - - 86.0 - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Nylon 9,9 - 34.0 - - - 86.0 - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Nylon 10,10 - 32.0 - - - 94.0 - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Nylon 11 25587-80-8 35.6 34.0 - - 82.0 - - 20.5 17.0 4.4 10.6 5.1
  4.40(8) -(1) 9.90(2) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Nylon 12 24937-16-4 37.1 39.3 - - 72.4 56.5 20.5 22.2 18.5 8.1 9.1 6.3
  8.63(2) 3.02(3) 5.37(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Paraffin 8002-74-2 24.8 27.9 -0.060(c) 109.3 108.5 96.0 11.0 - - - - -
  6.53(3) 3.96(12) 1.84(2) 2.12(2) -(1) -(1)
Phenoxy resin 26402-79-9 - 43.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyacetylene (polyethyne) - - 51.5 - 72.0 - - - - - - - -
  0.71(2) -(1)
Polyacrylamide 9003-05-8 34.3 52.3 - - - - - - - - - -
  4.60(2) -(1)
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) 25014-41-9 47.0 46.8 - - - - - 27.4 21.7 14.1 9.1 10.9
  4.24(2) 6.62(4) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Poly(L-alanine) 25191-17-7 - 45.2 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polybenzyl methacrylate (PBMA) 25085-83-0 36.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polybutadiene 9003-17-2 29.3 45.9 -0.144(d) 96.0 - - - 18.0 17.5 2.3 3.4 6.6
  3.79(3) 3.89(2) -0.110(e) 1.41(2) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Poly n-butyl acrylate 9003-49-0 29.5 32.8 -0.070(c) - - - - - - - - -
  2.12(2) 1.82(3)
Poly iso-butyl methacrylate (PIBMA) 9011-15-8 - 30.9 -0.060(b) - - - - 20.0 18.3 4.9 6.3 9.4
  0.00(2) 2.11(3) 0.93(3) 5.12(3) 2.10(3)
Poly n-butyl methacrylate (PnBMA) 25608-33-7 29.8 33.1 -0.059(b) 91.0 - - - 18.4 16.0 6.2 6.6 9.5
  1.94(3) 2.70(12) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Poly t-butyl methacrylate (PtBMA) 25189-00-9 18.1 30.5 -0.059(b) 108.1 - - - - - - - -
  -(1) 0.00(2) -(1)
Polybutylene isophthalate - - 47.8 -0.080(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) 26062-94-2 - 46.3 - - 84.0 - - - - - - -
  0.51(5) 0.00(2)
Polycarbonate (PC) 24936-68-3 44.0 42.3 -0.060(c) 81.3 84.0 68.0 16.0 22.2 19.6 8.8 5.7 10.2
  2.83(2) 5.32(7) 5.77(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) 1.75(3) 2.58(3) 1.04(3) 4.06(3)
Polychloroprene 9010-98-4 38.0 40.9 -0.086(b) - - - - - - - - -
  0.00(2) 3.63(7)
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) 9002-83-9 30.8 30.7 -0.067(c) 90.0 104.0 72.0 32.0 16.5 15.6 2.5 4.7 5.8
  1.34(4) 3.79(7) -(1) 0.00(2) 7.07(2) 7.07(2) 2.10(3) 1.46(3) 2.44(3) 1.56(3)
Polydiethylsiloxane (PDES) 63148-61-8 - 25.7 -0.073(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) - - 36.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 9016-00-6 20.1 20.4 -0.048(b) 107.8 107.0 69.1 39.3 - - - - -
  3.17(7) 1.54(26) 8.78(3) 4.44(9) 7.10(7) 3.73(7)
Polyepichlorohydrin 24969-06-0 35.0 43.2 - - - - - - - - - -
  0.00(2) -(1)
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) 29658-26-2 - 42.1 - 91.0 85.0 55.0 30.0 - - - - -
  -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polyetherimide (PEI) 61128-46-9 - - - 76.5 - - - 19.8 17.7 6.0 6.4 4.8
  12.0(2) 1.07(5) 1.14(5) 2.43(5) 1.70(5)
Polyethersulfone (PES) 25154-01-2 - 47.0 - 68.5 - - - 21.0 18.3 8.2 6.4 6.3
  -(1) 0.71(2) 0.91(6) 3.10(6) 2.33(6) 2.61(6)
Polyethyl acrylate (PEA) 9003-32-1 34.0 35.1 -0.070(c) - - - - - - - - -
  1.41(2) 1.47(6)
Polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA) 9003-42-3 32.8 34.0 -0.070(c) - - - - 20.0 17.5 8.5 4.7 9.6
  0.90(4) 2.50(7) 1.34(3) 0.62(3) 3.82(3) 1.99(3)
Poly 2-ethylhexyl acrylate 9003-77-4 31.0 29.7 -0.070(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) 0.71(2)
Poly 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate 25719-51-1 - 28.8 -0.062(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyethylene (PE) 9002-88-4 31.6 33.5 -0.057(b) 94.9 97.2 83.1 13.9 17.6 16.8 3.8 3.8 6.6
  2.05(21) 3.02(62) 6.96(27) 5.80(26) 10.7(9) 8.66(9) 0.88(7) 1.94(7) 2.52(7) 2.84(7)
Polyethylene oxide (PEO, PEG, polyethylene glycol) 25322-68-3 43.0 43.1 -0.095(c) 63.0 - - - - - - - -
  -(1) 2.07(16) -(1)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 25038-59-9 39.0 44.0 -0.065(c) 72.0 73.0 54.5 20.0 20.8 18.7 6.3 6.7 6.5
  5.71(11) 3.85(28) 6.33(17) 7.32(17) 5.77(8) 11.0(8) 1.25(8) 2.03(8) 2.80(8) 3.36(8)
Poly(heptadecafluorooctyl methacrylate) - - 15.3 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Poly(heptafluoroisopropyl acrylate) - - 14.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Poly(heptafluoroisopropyl methacrylate) - - 15.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Poly(hexachlorobutadiene) - - 41.5 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Poly(hexafluoropropylene) - 16.9 15.9 - 112.0 - - - - - - - -
  0.96(3) 2.67(4) -(1)
Poly(hexyl methacrylate) 25087-17-6 27.5 30.0 -0.062(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) 0.00(2)
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) 24249-16-5 37.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyimide (PI) 25038-81-7 - 43.8 - 71.5 79.9 48.0 31.3 - - - - -
  6.80(4) 2.07(6) 5.01(8) 12.2(8) 10.4(8)
Polyisobutylene (PIB, butyl rubber) 9003-27-4 27.0 33.2 -0.064(b) - 112.1 - - 17.1 16.4 1.7 4.7 7.9
  0.00(2) 3.21(10) -(1) 1.26(6) 2.15(6) 2.08(6) 2.46(6)
Polyisoprene (PIP) 9003-31-0 - 32.3 - - - - - 18.4 18.1 2.4 2.3 10.3
  1.53(3) 2.32(3) 1.40(3) 2.66(3) 3.40(3)
Polylauryl methacrylate 25719-52-2 21.3 32.8 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Polymethacrylonitrile (PMAN) 25067-61-2 39.0 42.3 - - - - - 23.7 17.2 14.4 7.6 3.8
  -(1) 3.08(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polymethyl acrylate (PMA) 25087-26-7 38.0 39.8 -0.070(c) - - - - - - - - -
  4.24(2) 2.21(9)
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic, plexiglas) 9011-14-7 37.5 41.8 -0.076(b) 69.1 74.7 54.2 18.4 21.3 17.9 10.1 5.4 11.0
  4.68(12) 3.63(38) 6.08(17) 10.2(8) 5.44(2) 1.98(2) 1.37(5) 4.46(5) 3.73(5) 4.63(5)
Poly(4-methyl pentene-1) - - 25.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Poly a-methyl styrene 25014-31-7 - 38.7 -0.058(b) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polymethylphenylsiloxane 9005-12-3 - 26.1 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polymethylphenylsilylene - - 43.7 - - - - - - - - - -
  0.57(2)
Poly(nonafluoroisobutyl acrylate) - - 14.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyoctyl methacrylate - 23.5 - - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyoxymethylene (POM, polyacetal, polymethylene oxide) 24969-26-4 37.0 38.6 - 74.5 79.0 54.0 25.0 - - - - -
  1.41(2) 5.68(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polyphenyl methacrylate - 35.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) 25134-01-4 47.0 46.0 - - - - - 19.3 16.9 8.9 2.7 11.7
  -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) 26125-40-6 38.0 46.8 - 80.3 - - - 19.8 18.7 5.3 3.7 6.7
  -(1) 3.29(3) 1.53(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Poly(phosphazene) - 16.5 15.8 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) 0.35(2)
Poly n-propyl methacrylate 2210-79-9 32.0 33.2 -0.065(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Polypropylene (PP) (a) 30.5 30.2 -0.058(b) 94.9 107.3 89.0 20.2 18.0 17.7 2.9 1.2 6.2
  1.50(3) 2.77(32) 5.29(11) 7.75(15) 5.73(6) 2.72(6) 0.46(2) 2.80(2) 1.71(2) 1.76(2)
Polypropylene glycol (PPG, polypropylene oxide) 25322-69-4 32.0 30.6 -0.079(b) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) 2.36(7)
Polypropylene isophthalate - - 49.3 -0.083(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polystearyl methacrylate 25639-21-8 20.8 36.3 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1) -(1)
Polystyrene (PS) 9003-53-6 34.0 38.3 -0.072(b) 85.3 88.5 81.8 10.0 23.9 22.8 5.8 4.3 12.7
  4.27(18) 5.23(32) 6.08(8) 5.75(15) 3.86(4) 2.65(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polysulfone (PSU) 25135-51-7 42.1 44.9 - 75.0 66.0 - - 21.5 18.5 8.5 7.0 9.4
  1.48(2) 2.47(2) -(1) -(1) 2.17(3) 2.61(3) 1.12(3) 1.69(3)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 9002-84-0 19.4 21.8 -0.058(c) 109.4 108.9 96.0 14.3 16.7 16.2 1.8 3.4 3.9
  1.49(8) 3.24(35) 5.70(17) 7.06(8) 8.72(3) 10.6(3) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) 25190-06-1 - 31.9 - - - - - - - - - -
  0.00(2)
Polytetramethylene oxide - - 32.8 - - - - - - - - - -
  1.27(2)
Polytrifluoroethylene 24980-67-4 26.5 26.5 - 92.0 - - - - - - - -
  3.99(3) 2.79(7) -(1)
Polyurethanes - - 37.5 - 77.5 83.1 35.5 47.4 22.8 18.8 10.0 8.2 9.8
  4.01(11) 7.52(8) 14.2(9) 16.3(9) 21.7(9) 1.53(11) 2.54(11) 3.09(11) 3.48(11)
Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) 9003-20-7 35.3 38.5 -0.066(b) 60.6 - - - 25.7 20.9 11.3 9.7 13.7
  2.08(3) 2.75(14) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) 25213-24-5 37.0 44.2 - 51.0 - - - 25.2 14.7 14.1 14.9 10.5
  -(1) 6.56(4) -(1) 2.51(4) 2.13(4) 2.18(4) 1.38(4)
Polyvinyl butyral 63148-65-2 28.0 38.0 - - - - - 24.6 19.1 9.5 12.2 10.0
  -(1) -(1) 0.92(3) 4.50(3) 1.65(3) 1.53(3)
Polyvinyl butyrate - - 31.1 -0.070(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 9002-86-2 37.9 40.1 - 83.2 91.9 75.3 - 20.0 16.8 8.9 6.1 8.5
  7.05(11) 3.66(22) 10.3(8) 7.88(3) -(1) 1.65(5) 1.95(5) 1.78(5) 3.94(5)
Polyvinyl decanoate - - 28.9 -0.062(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl dodecanoate - - 29.1 -0.063(c) - - - - - - - - -
 
Polyvinyl ethyl ether (polyethoxyethylene) 25104-37-4 - 36.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) 24981-14-4 32.7 36.4 - 82.5 88.6 - - - - - - -
  4.66(4) 4.07(14) 3.54(2) -(1)
Polyvinyl formal 63450-15-7 39.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl hexadecanoate - - 30.9 -0.066(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl hexanoate - - 28.9 -0.063(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl octanoate - - 28.7 -0.061(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl proprionate 25035-84-1 - 34.0 -0.072(c) - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) 9003-39-8 - 46.0 - - - - - - - - - -
  3.61(2)
Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC, Saran) 9002-85-1 40.2 43.7 - 80.0 - - - 23.1 19.0 9.6 9.0 5.8
  3.89(4) 2.81(9) -(1) 1.98(2) 0.64(2) 1.70(2) 2.62(2)
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 24937-79-9 31.6 31.5 - 86.0 93.4 91.0 1.0 23.2 17.0 12.1 10.2 4.1
  5.83(5) 5.29(13) 4.00(3) 1.98(2) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1) -(1)
Polyxylylene (parylene) - - 46.3 - - - - - - - - - -
  -(1)
Thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) - - 30.9 - - 101.5 79.0 22.5 - - - - -
  3.45(11) 3.54(2) 7.07(2) 3.54(2)

(a) Atactic PP CAS #9003-08-0; isotactic PP CAS #25085-53-4.To top of page

(b) S. Wu, J. Macromol. Sci., C10, 1 (1974).To top of page

(c) S. Wu, in Polymer Handbook, 3rd Ed., J. Brandrup and E.H. Immergut, eds., Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1989, p. VI: 414-426.To top of page

(d) Polybutadiene data for carboxyl end group; S. Wu, in Polymer Handbook, 3rd Ed., J. Brandrup and E.H. Immergut, eds., Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1989, p. VI: 414-426.To top of page

(e) Polybutadiene data for methyl ester end group; S. Wu, in Polymer Handbook, 3rd Ed., J. Brandrup and E.H. Immergut, eds., Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1989, p. VI: 414-426.To top of page

(f) Aluminum foil, while obviously not a polymer, is included due to its widespread use in package converting and other industries.To top of page

(1) Names which are most widely used to describe the material or family of materials (e.g., polyurethanes and epoxies) at hand are preferred here. Commonly used acronyms and synonyms are also shown.To top of page

(2) CAS (Chemical Abstract Series) numbers are shown where available. In a number of instances, more than one CAS number is assigned to a given polymer — in some cases the details and nuances of these divergences are not at all clear. We have tried to reference the CAS number which appears to have the widest use with reference to the solid state properties of the given polymer.To top of page

(3) γc: Critical surface tension in mJ/m2 (equivalent to dynes/cm), generally determined by the Zisman method (regression of the cosine of the contact angle), or by the wetting tension method (using solutions of 2-ethoxyethanol and formamide, per ASTM Std. D-2578).To top of page

(4) γs: Surface free energy in mJ/m2 (equivalent to dynes/cm), as measured, estimated, and calculated by a wide variety of methods and theories.To top of page

(5) dγ/dt: Change in surface energy in mJ/m2 (equivalent to dynes/cm) per degree Kelvin (or Celsius). To top of page

(6) θWY: Equilibrium (or Young's) contact angle with water, in degrees.To top of page

(7) θWA: Advancing contact angle with water, in degrees.To top of page

(8) θWR: Retreating contact angle with water, in degrees.To top of page

(9)W: Contact angle hysteresis (difference between advancing and retreating) with water, in degrees.To top of page

(10) δ: Total Hansen solubility parameter (square root of the sum of squares of the average values for dispersion, polar, and hydrogen bonding components), in MPa1/2 (equivalent to joules/cubic centimeter; 2.0455 x (cal/cc)1/2) @ 20-25oC (293.15-298.15 K). All data from Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd Ed., C.M. Hansen, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2007.To top of page

(11) δD: Hansen dispersion solubility parameter, in MPa1/2 (equivalent to joules/cubic centimeter; 2.0455 x (cal/cc)1/2) @ 20-25oC (293.15-298.15 K). All data from Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd Ed., C.M. Hansen, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2007.To top of page

(12) δP: Hansen polar solubility parameter, in MPa1/2 (equivalent to joules/cubic centimeter; 2.0455 x (cal/cc)1/2) @ 20-25oC (293.15-298.15 K). All data from Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd Ed., C.M. Hansen, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2007.To top of page

(13) δH: Hansen hydrogen bonding solubility parameter, in MPa1/2 (equivalent to joules/cubic centimeter; 2.0455 x (cal/cc)1/2) @ 20-25oC (293.15-298.15 K). All data from Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd Ed., C.M. Hansen, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2007.To top of page

(14) Ro: Interaction radius. All data from Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd Ed., C.M. Hansen, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2007.To top of page

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